From Open a local program from Codespaces · Issue #112489 · microsoft/vscode · GitHub and https://github.com/github/codespaces/issues/2020
It would be useful in Codespaces to have the ability to open a local program on the host computer. For example, in the Azure Storage extension we have functionality to open resources in Storage Explorer which runs that program locally alongside VS Code. But since Codespaces runs in a sandbox I couldn’t find a way to open local programs.